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measuring how much those ads are viewed and clicked. It’s as much an art as it is
                             a science because knowing which sites your customers visit, where they’re most
                             likely to engage with an advertisement (where on the site as well), whether the
                             site charges the appropriate amount for the advertisement, and how much that
                             advertising affects purchasing is not always easy. We work with media buyers all
                             the time, and their jobs are harder than you think, especially in the world of digital
                             ad exchanges, data management platforms, and remnant inventory. (Books could
                             be written on each of those terms alone.)

                             But the online advertising space is important even in an economic downturn. The
                             reason is simple: It’s one of the most measurable forms of advertising, especially in
                             relation to print and television, along with search engine advertising. You can track
                             those who view the advertisement, what they do with it, and in some cases, whether
                             they eventually buy the product based on that advertisement. It’s no surprise that the
                             relationship to social media marketing is an important one as a result.

                             This relationship with social media marketing takes various forms. Here are some
                             of those connection points:

                                  » Market to the social influencers who surround the customer, as well as
                                 the customer.
                                 One of the ways in which you market to those influencers is using display
                                 advertising. So rather than just placing advertisements on websites that your
                                 customers visit, you place some advertisements (doesn’t have to be a large
                                 percentage of your budget) on websites that their social influencers frequent,
                                 too. Is this as measurable as those advertisements targeting your customers
                                 directly? Maybe not, because these influencers are less likely to click the ads
                                 and make a purchase. But nevertheless, they remember the brand and
                                 influence your customers.

                                  » Communicate and advertise on the social platforms — such as Facebook
                                 and YouTube — that your customers frequent.
                                 Most social platforms accept advertising in some form, and this serves as an
                                 important part of their revenue model. Figure 1-5 shows an eBay display
                                 advertisement on YouTube.
                                 Granted, display advertising on social platforms used to produce bad results
                                 (users didn’t notice the advertisements and didn’t click them), but the ad
                                 formats for social platforms are evolving, and today Facebook is the second-
                                 largest advertising platform on the Internet after Google. One example of the
                                 evolution, is video-based advertising in the Facebook newsfeed itself. Another
                                 innovation that has been honed over the last two years is where consumers
                                 are asked to like the ads that they’re viewing on Facebook, resulting in their
                                 action appearing more aggressively in the newsfeeds of their friends. This
                                 helps the platform target ads more appropriately to them in the future.

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